The process of selecting a rolling stock manufacturer can be tedious and long. And then the development, manufacturing, and authorization of new trains still have to start… The termination of a contract in the rolling stock industry is therefore quite rare – starting the process all over again results in many years of delay.
Even more peculiar is an operator terminating the contract when the first train is already ready for its first test runs. This happened with Pesa’s Elf 2 project for SKM Warsaw – A portrait of a 4-car train in an ‘imaginary’ livery: 22WEg-015.
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